The Practical Skills Learning in Nursing Education (SPINE) project aims to gain knowledge about the types of practical nursing skills that are taught at universities and university colleges in Denmark, Norway, and Sweden, how these nursing skills are taught, and the nursing students’ opportunity to learn and practice practical skills during a bachelor’s degree program.  

Journal articles

2024
Bölenius, K., Vesterager Stenholt, B., Bjørk, I. T., Reierson, I.Å., Blomberg, K., Husebø, S. E. Ravik, M (2024). Practical skills taught in Scandinavian nursing education simulation centres -A cross-sectional survey, Scandinavian Journal of Educational Research, (accepted 18.10.24). Doi: 10.1080/00313831.2024.2419511

Reierson, I. Å., Ravik, M., Blomberg, K., Bjørk, I. T., Bölenius, K., Vesterager Stenholt, B., & Husebø, S. E. (2024). Comparing didactic approaches for practical skills learning in Scandinavian nursing simulation centres: A qualitative comparative study. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 00, 1–15. https://doi.org/10.1111/jan.16150

2023

Ravik, M., & Bjørk, I. T. (2023). Influence of simulation and clinical settings on peripheral vein cannulation skill learning in nursing education: A qualitative study. International Journal of Nursing Studies Advances, 5, 100123. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnsa.2023.100123

2022
Sommer I, Larsen K, Stenholt K, Bjørk IT. (2022). Model for praktisk færdighedsudøvelse - En model der holder. Fagligt selskab for undervisende sygeplejersker. Uddannelsesnyt nr. 1, 33. årgang, 2022. 

2021

Bjørk, I. T., Larsen, K., Ravik, M., Reierson, I. Å., Sommer, I., Stenholt, B., Brynildsen, G., Blomberg, K., Bölenius, K., Husebø, S. E., Lämås, K., & Hagtvet, K. A. (2021). Development and Testing of an Instrument for Summative Assessment of Practical Skill Performance: A Generalizability Theory Approach. Journal of nursing measurement, 29(3), E162–E191. https://doi.org/10.1891/JNM-D-20-00003

Ravik, M., Bjørk, IT. (2021). Registered Nurses` Supervision on Nursing Students During Practical Skill Learning: A Qualitative Exploratory Study. Scandinavian Journal of Educational Research. https://doi.org/10.1080/00313831.2021.1910560

2020

Ravik, M. (2020). Improving simulation-based learning of a practical skill in nursing education. Journal of Practice Teaching & Learning, 17 (1), 19-33. https://doi.org/10.1921/jpts.v17i1.1315

Reierson IÅ, Sandvik, L., Solli, H., Haukedal TA, Husebø, SE (2020). Psychometric testing of the Norwegian version of the Simulation Design scale, the Educational Practice questionnaire and the Student Satisfaction and Self-Confidence in Learning scale in nursing education. International Journal of Nursing Studies Advances, 2, 100012. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnsa.2020.100012

Roel, S., Bjørk, I.T. (2020). Comparing Nursing Student Competence in CPR before and after a Pedagogical Intervention. Nursing Research and Practice. https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/7459084

Solli H, Haukedal, TA, Husebø, SE, & Reierson, IÅ (2020). The art of balancing: the facilitator’s role in briefing in simulation-based learning from the perspective of nursing students–a qualitative study. BMC Nursing, 19(1), 1-11.

Sommer I, Larsen K, Nielsen CM, Stenholt BV, Bjørk IT. (2020). Improving Clinical Nurses´ Development of Supervision Skills through an Action Learning Approach. Nursing Research and Practice, https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/9483549

2019

Ravik, M. (2019). Using “Knowing That” and “Knowing How” to Inform Learning of Peripheral Vein Cannulation in Nursing Education. International Journal of Nursing Education Scholarship 16 (1). https://doi.org/10.1515/ijnes-2018-0078

2018

Bölenius K & Nilsson K. (2018). Variations in the system influencing venous blood specimen collection practices. Sources of pre-analytical errors. Journal of Laboratory and Precision Medicine, 3:39. https://doi.org/10.21037/jlpm.2018.04.05

Gyllencreutz L., Pedersen I., Enarsson E., Saveman B.I., Bölenius K. (2019). The experience of healthcare staff of incident reporting with respect to venous blood specimen collection practices’, Policy and Practice in Health and Safety, 17:2, 146-155, DOI: 10.1080/14773996.2019.1640963

Husebø SE, Silvennoinen M, Rosqvist E, Masiello I. (2018). Status of Nordic research on simulation-based learning in healthcare: an integrative review. Advances in Simulation, 3:12. https://doi.org/10.1186/s41077-018-0071-8.

Simundic A-M, Bölenius K, Cadamuro J, Church S, cornes M-P et al. (2018). Joint EFLM-COLABIOCLI Recommendation for venous blood sampling. Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine.

Willman B., Grankvist K. & Bölenius K. (2018). Evaluation of the clinical implementation of a large-scale online e-learning program on venous blood specimen collection guideline practices. Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, https://doi.org/10.1515/cclm-2018-0051

2017

Berntsen, K., Bjørk. I.T. & Brynildsen, G. (2017) Nursing students’ environment in Norwegian nursing homes: Lack of innovative teaching and learning strategies. Open Journal of Nursing, 7 (8), 949-961. https://doi.org/10.4236/ojn.2017.78070

Ewertsson, M., Bagga-Gupta, S., & Blomberg, K. (2017). Nursing students' socialisation into practical skills. Nurse education in practice, 27, 157–164. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nepr.2017.09.004

Ewertsson, M., Bagga-Gupta, S., Allvin, R., & Blomberg, K. (2017). Tensions in learning professional identities – nursing students’ narratives and participation in practical skills during their clinical practice: an ethnographic study. BMC Nursing, 16, 48. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12912-017-0238-y

Lippi, G., Baird, G. S., Banfi, G., Bölenius, K., Cadamuro, J., Church, S., Cornes, M. P., Dacey, A., Guillon, A., Hoffmann, G., Nybo, M., Premawardhana, L. D., Salinas, M., Sandberg, S., Slingerland, R., Stankovic, A., Sverresdotter, S. M., Vermeersch, P., & Simundic, A. M. (2017). Improving quality in the preanalytical phase through innovation, on behalf of the European Federation for Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (EFLM) Working Group for Preanalytical Phase (WG-PRE). Clinical chemistry and laboratory medicine, 55(4), 489–500. https://doi.org/10.1515/cclm-2017-0107

Ravik, M, Havnes, A, Bjørk, IT. (2017). Conditions affecting the performance of peripheral vein cannulation during hospital placement: A case study. Nursing Research and Practice, Article ID 9748492, 1-10. https://doi.org/10.1155/2017/9748492

Ravik M, Havnes A, Bjørk IT. (2017). Defining and comparing learning actions in two simulation modalities: students training on a latex arm and each other's arms. Journal of Clinical Nursing, 26(23-24):4255-4266. doi: 10.1111/jocn.13748

Ravik M, Havnes A, Bjørk IT (2015). Exploring nursing students’ transfer of peripheral venous cannulation from skills centre to the clinical setting. Journal of Nursing Education and Practice, 5 (3). https://doi.org/10.5430/jnep.v5n3p59  

Reierson, I. Å., Haukedal, T. A., Hedeman, H. & Bjørk, I. T. (2017). Structured debriefing: What difference does it make? Nurse Education in Practice, 25, 104-110. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nepr.2017.04.013

2016

Havnes A, Christiansen B, Bjørk IT, Hessevaagbakke E. (2016). Peer learning in higher education: Patterns of talk and interaction in skills centre simulation. Learning, Culture and Social Interaction, 8: 75-87. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lcsi.2015.12.004

Kelly, M., Berragan, E., Husebø, S.E. & Orr, F. (2016). Simulation in Nursing Education—International Perspectives and Contemporary Scope of Practice. Journal of Nursing Scholarship, 2016; 48:3, 312–321. DOI: 10.1111/jnu.12208

Olsen, U., Brox, J. I., & Bjørk, I. T. (2016). Preoperative bowel preparation versus no preparation before spinal surgery: A randomised clinical trial. International journal of orthopaedic and trauma nursing, 23, 3–13. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijotn.2016.02.001

2015

Bjørk IT, Christiansen B, Havnes A, Hessevaagbakke E. (2015). Exploring the black box of practical skill learning. Journal of Nursing Education and Practice, 5, no. 11.
https://doi.org/10.5430/jnep.v5n11p131

Ewertsson M, Allvin R, Holmström I, Blomberg K. (2015). Walking the bridge: Nursing students’ learning in clinical skill laboratories. Nurse Education in Practice, 15 (4), 277- 283. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nepr.2015.03.006

Ewertsson, M., Gustafsson, M., Blomberg, K., Holmström, I. K., & Allvin, R. (2015). Use of technical skills and medical devices among new registered nurses: A questionnaire study. Nurse Education Today, 35(12), 1169–1174. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nedt.2015.05.006

Husebø, S.E., O’Reagan, S., Nestel, D. (2015). Reflective practice and its role in simulation. Clinical Simulation in Nursing, 11 (8), 368-375. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecns.2015.04.005

Lämås, K., Häger, C., Lindgren, L., Wester, P., & Brulin, C. (2016). Does touch massage facilitate recovery after stroke? A study protocol of a randomized controlled trial. BMC complementary and alternative medicine, 16, 50. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12906-016-1029-9

Nielsen, C, Stenholt, B. Lomborg K og Bjørk IT. (2013). Praktiske færdigheder i professionsrettede sundhedsuddannelser. DUT Dansk Universitetspædagogisk Tidsskrift nr. 15.

Nilsson, K., Juthberg, C., Söderberg, J., Bölenius, K., Grankvist, K., Brulin, C., & Lindkvist, M. (2015). Associations between workplace affiliation and phlebotomy practices regarding patient identification and test request handling practices in primary healthcare centres: a multilevel model approach. BMC health services research, 15, 503. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-015-1157-9

Reierson IÅ, Bjørk IT, Solli H. (2015). Nursing students’ perspectives on the use of telenursing in patient care following simulation. Clinical Simulation in Nursing, 11, 244-250.

Reierson IÅ, Solli H, Bjørk IT. (2015). Nursing student's perspectives on telenursing in patient care after simulation. Clinical Simulation in Nursing, 11 (4), 244-250

2014

Bjørk, I. T., Berntsen, K., Brynildsen, G., & Hestetun, M. (2014). Nursing students' perceptions of their clinical learning environment in placements outside traditional hospital settings. Journal of clinical nursing, 23(19-20), 2958–2967. https://doi.org/10.1111/jocn.12532

Bölenius, K., Brulin, C., & Graneheim, U. H. (2014). Personnel's Experiences of Phlebotomy Practices after Participating in an Educational Intervention Programme. Nursing research and practice, 2014, 538704. https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/538704

Brynildsen, G., Bjørk, I. T., Berntsen, K., & Hestetun, M. (2014). Improving the quality of nursing students' clinical placements in nursing homes: an evaluation study. Nurse Education in Practice, 14(6), 722–728. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nepr.2014.09.004

2013

Bjørk, I. T., Lomborg, K., Nielsen, C. M., Brynildsen, G., Frederiksen, A. M., Larsen, K., Reierson, I. Å., Sommer, I., & Stenholt, B. (2013). From theoretical model to practical use: an example of knowledge translation. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 69(10), 2336–2347. https://doi.org/10.1111/jan.12091

Bölenius, K., Lindkvist, M., Brulin, C., Grankvist, K., Nilsson, K., & Söderberg, J. (2013). Impact of a large-scale educational intervention program on venous blood specimen collection practices. BMC health services research, 13, 463. https://doi.org/10.1186/1472-6963-13-463

Bölenius, K., Söderberg, J., Hultdin, J., Lindkvist, M., Brulin, C., & Grankvist, K. (2013). Minor improvement of venous blood specimen collection practices in primary health care after a large-scale educational intervention. Clinical chemistry and laboratory medicine, 51(2), 303–310. https://doi.org/10.1515/cclm-2012-0159

Larsen K. (2013). At lære praktiske færdigheder i sygeplejen. s. 75-88. I Lykke E. (red.) Sygepleje trin 2. sosuserien. Copenhagen, Munksgaard.

Nielsen, C., Sommer, I., Larsen, K., & Bjørk, I. T. (2013). Model of practical skill performance as an instrument for supervision and formative assessment. Nurse education in practice, 13(3), 176–180. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nepr.2012.08.014

Reierson IÅ, Hvidsten A, Wighus M, Brungot S, Bjørk IT. (2013). Key issues and challenges in developing a pedagogical intervention in the simulation skills center – An action research study. Nurse Education in Practice,13, 294–300.

Skovgaard A-M, Larsen K, Bedholm K, Komborg K. (2013). Praktisk brug af baderobot til ældre [Practical use of bathing robot to elderly]. Sygeplejersken, 13, 74-78.

2012

Bölenius, K., Brulin, C., Grankvist, K., Lindkvist, M., & Söderberg, J. (2012). A content validated questionnaire for assessment of self reported venous blood sampling practices. BMC Research Notes, 5, 39. https://doi.org/10.1186/1756-0500-5-39

Husebø, S.E., Bjørshol, C.A., Rystedt, H., Friberg, F. & Søreide, E. (2012). A comparative study of defibrillation and cardiopulmonary resuscitation performance during simulated cardiac arrest in nursing student teams. Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine, 20:23, doi:10.1186/1757-7241-20-23.

Møller E, Riemenschneider A. (2012). Sådan læres praktiske færdigheder i færdighedslaboratorium [How to learn practical skills in skills lab]. Sygeplejersken, 11, 78 årg. 82.

2011

Husebø, S.E., Friberg, F., Søreide, E. & Rystedt, H. (2011). Instructional problems in briefings: How to prepare nursing students for simulation-based cardiopulmonary resuscitation training. Clinical Simulation in Nursing, 8(7), e307-e318, doi:101016/jecns201012002 2011(0).

Husebø, S.E., Rystedt, H. & Friberg, F. (2011). Educating for teamwork - nursing students’ coordination in simulated cardiac arrest situations. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 67(10), 2239–2255.

Nestel, D., Groom, J., Husebø, S.E. & O’Donnell, J.M. (2011) Simulation for Learning and Teaching Procedural Skills. The State of the Science. Simulation in Healthcare, 6(7), S10-13.

2010

Berntsen K, Bjørk IT. (2010). Student nurses' perception of the clinical learning environment in nursing homes. Journal of Nursing Education, 49: 17-22. https://doi.org/10.3928/01484834-20090828-06

2009

Nielsen, C, Larsen K, Skovsgaard AM, Stenholt B., Lomborg K. (2009). Brug for fokus paa kliniske faerdigheder.  [A need to focus on clinical skill]. Sygeplejersken, 109(16), 48-52.

2008

Lomborg, K., & Kirkevold, M. (2008). Achieving therapeutic clarity in assisted personal body care: professional challenges in interactions with severely ill COPD patients. Journal of clinical nursing, 17(16), 2155–2163. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2702.2006.01710.x

Skovsgaard A-M, Nielsen C, Stenholt B, Soerensen D. (2008). Laering af grundlaeggende sygepleje i primaer sundhedstjeneste. [Clinical learning in nursing homes]. Sygeplejersken, 17, 43.

2007

Nielsen, C, Larsen K, Skovsgaard AM, Stenholt B. (2007). Model for at laere praktisk sygepleje. [Model for learning practical nursing]. Sygeplejersken, 107(17), 60-64.

2006

Alteren J, Bjørk IT. (2006). Studentenes læring av praktiske ferdigheter i modellavdelingen og klinikken: en utforskende studie. [Students' learning of practical skills in the skills centre and clinical setting: an exploratory study.]. Vaard i Norden, 26(4), 25-30. https://doi.org/10.1177/010740830602600406

Bjørk IT. (2006). Nyutdannede sykepleieres manglende praktiske sykepleieferdigheter. [New nurses' lack practical skill in nursing.]. Klinisk Sygepleje, 20(4), 23-30.

Solli H, Reierson IÅ. (2006). Fra mesterlære til selvstudium. [From apprenticeship to self-directed learning.]. Norsk Tidsskrift for Sykepleieforskning, 8(4), 35-50. 

Skovsgaard A-M, Stenholt B, Nielsen C. (2006). Studieunit - et sammenlignende studie af sygeplejestuderendes laeringsudbytte i klinisk undervisning i studieunit og i traditionelt studieforloeb. [Study-unit - a comparative study of students' learning outcomes in a study-unit and in traditional clinical placements]. Kvartalsskrift Maj. Udviklingsinitiativet for sygeplejerskeuddannelsen i Aarhus Amt, 42-43.

Skovsgaard A-M, Stenholt B, Nielsen C. (2006). Klinisk undervisning bedst i studieunit. [Clinical education in study-units is the best]. Sygeplejersken, 8, 33.

Stenholt B, Skovsgaard A-M, Nielsen C. (2006). Studieunit - goer det en forskel? [Study-unit - does it make a difference?]. Uddannelsesnyt,17(2), 15-18.

2005

Lomborg, K., & Kirkevold, M. (2005). Curtailing: handling the complexity of body care in people hospitalized with severe COPD. Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences, 19(2), 148–156. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-6712.2005.00330.x

Lomborg, K., Bjørn, A., Dahl, R., & Kirkevold, M. (2005). Body care experienced by people hospitalized with severe respiratory disease. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 50(3), 262–271. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2648.2005.03389.x

Stenholt B, Skovsgaard A-M, Nielsen C. (2005). Fra praktisk uddannelse til klinisk undervisning - organisering og tilrettelaeggelse af klinisk undervisning i sygeplejerskeuddannelsen. [From practical training to clinical education - organization and planning of the clinical part of nursing education]. Tidsskrift for sygeplejeforskning, 21(3), 34-39.

2004

Bjørk IT, Havnes A, Christiansen B, Reierson IÅ, Hvidsten A, Wighus M, Brungor SK. (2004). Exploring the "Black box" of practical skill learning in the skills centre.  Abstract, Oral. International Journal of Qualitative Methods, Volume 13, 489-489 

Skovsgaard A-M. (2004). Dialogue and reflection between student nurses and their instructor in clinical practice. Vaard i Norden, 1, 45-46.

2000

Bjørk IT, Kirkevold M. (2000). From simplicity to complexity: developing a model of practical skill performance. Journal of Clinical Nursing, 9 (4), 620-631. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2702.2000.00328.x

Skovsgaard A-M. (2000). Metoder til at laere grundlaeggende sygepleje i klinisk praksis. [Methods for learning nursing in clinical practice]. Uddannelsesnyt, 2, 13-21.

1999

Bjørk I. T. (1999). What constitutes a nursing practical skill? Western Journal of Nursing Research, 21(1), 51–70. https://doi.org/10.1177/01939459922043703

Bjørk I. T. (1999). Practical skill development in new nurses. Nursing inquiry, 6(1), 34–47. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1440-1800.1999.00005.x

Bjørk, I. T., & Kirkevold, M. (1999). Issues in nurses' practical skill development in the clinical setting. Journal of nursing care quality, 14(1), 72–84. https://doi.org/10.1097/00001786-199910000-00009

1998

Skovsgaard A-M. (1998). Systematisk studiemetode i klinisk praksis. [Systematic methods of study in clinical practice]. Klinisk Sygepleje, 1, 60-61.

1997

Bjørk I. T. (1997). Changing conceptions of practical skill and skill acquisition in nursing education. Nursing Inquiry, 4(3), 184–195. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-1800.1997.tb00098.x

Skovsgaard A-M. (1997). Uddannelse. [Education]. Sygeplejersken, 15, 27.

1995

Bjørk I. T. (1995). Neglected conflicts in the discipline of nursing: perceptions of the importance and value of practical skill. Journal of advanced nursing, 22(1), 6–12. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2648.1995.22010006.x

Lomborg K. (1995). Takt og tone i 90'ernes sygepleje - belyst fra et kropsligt perspektiv.[Best practice nursing in the 90'ies - enlightened from a bodily perspective].Tidsskrift for Sygeplejeforskning, 1, 21-36.

Books
Larsen K, Nielsen C, Bjørk IT. (2015). Praktiske færdigheder (Practical Skills). Munksgaard, København.

Bjørk IT, Bjerknes MS. (2003). Å lære i praksis. [Learning in practice.]. Universitetsforlaget, Oslo.

Nielsen ES, Lomborg K. (2001). Paa arbejde i hjemmet - en bog om hjemmepleje. [Working in other peoples home - a book about home care.]. Gyldendal, Copenhagen.

Book chapters

2015

Bjørk I.T. (2015) Et redskap for veiledning i læring av praktiske ferdigheter. I Bjerknes, M.S. & Christiansen, B. (red.). Praksisveiledning med sykepleierstudenter. Gyldendal Akademisk, pp. 82-98.

2013

Larsen K. (2013). At lære praktiske færdigheder i sygeplejen. s. 75-88. I Lykke E. (red.) Sygepleje trin 2. sosuserien. Munksgaard, Copenhagen.

Stenholt B, Nielsen C, Lomborg K, Frederiksen A-M S, Bjørk IT, Sommer I, Larsen K, Reierson IÅ, Brynildsen G. (2013). Praktiske færdigheder i sygepleje og velfærdsteknologi. I: Kjeldsen LPK, Asmussen J (red) Velfærdsinnovation – i og med praksis. VIA University College. 

2010

Stenholt B., Skovsgaard A.-M., Nielsen C., & Larsen K. (2010). Hvordan styrkes de studerendes praktiske handlekompetence i sundhedsuddannelserne? [How to strengthen students practical competencies in health educations] pp 41-57. In Beedholm K, Greve C. (Eds.). Professionsdidaktik - et saerligt anliggende for professionshojskolerne? VIA Systime.

2007

Lomborg K. (2007). Krop og velvaere. [Body and well-being.], pp 13-25. In: L. Suhr, B. Winther (Eds.). Basisbog i Sygepleje - Krop og velvaere. [Basics in nursing - body and well-being.] Munksgaard Danmark, Copenhagen.

2005

Bjørk IT & Breievne G. (2005). Kropp og velvaere. [Body and well-being.], pp. 106-136. In: Kristoffersen NJ, Nortvedt F, Skaug E-A (Eds.) Grunnleggende sykepleie, Bind 1. [Fundamental nursing, Volume 1.] Gyldendal Akademisk, Oslo.

Bjørk IT. Å lære praktiske ferdigheter i sykepleie. [To learn practical skills in nursing.], pp. 88-109. I: IT Bjørk, MS Bjerknes (red.). Å lære i praksis. [To learn in practice.] Universitetsforlaget, Oslo.

2004

Lomborg K. (2004). Kroppens betydning i klinisk sykepleje. [The Meaning of the body in clinical nursing.], pp 75-93. In: P Ramhoej, I Egerod, J Taleman (Eds.). Klinisk sygepleje: praksis og utvikling. [Clinical nursing: practice and development.]. Akademisk Forlag, Copenhagen.

2002

Bjørk IT. (2002). Kroppen i møtet mellom pasient og sykepleier. [The body in encounters between patient and nurse.], pp. 223-236. In: IT Bjørk, S Helseth, F Nortvedt (Eds). Møte mellom pasient og sykepleier sykepleier. [Encounters between patient and nurse.]. Gyldendal Akademisk, Oslo.

Lomborg K. (2002). Menneske, krop og sygepleje [Man, body and nursing.], pp 59-93. In: J Lyngaa J (Ed.). Sygeplejefag, refleksion og handling [Nursing, reflection and action.] (2.edition). Munksgaard, Copenhagen.

2001

Lomborg K, Nielsen ES. (2001). Paa arbejde i hjemmet [Working in other peoples' home.], pp 11-17. In: E Skaanning Nielsen, K Lomborg (Eds.). Paa arbejde i hjemmet - en bog om hjemmepleje. [Working in other peoples home - a book about home care.] Gyldendal, Copenhagen.

Lomborg K. (2001). Kroppens betydninger i klinisk sykepleie. [The meanings of the body in clinical nursing.], pp. 75-93. In: E Gjengedal, R Jakobsen (Eds.). Sykepleie: praksis og utvikling [Nursing: practice and development.] Capellen Akademisk Forlag, Oslo.

Skovsgaard A.-M. (2001). Udvikling af metoder til at studere og laere sygepleje i klinisk praksis. [Developing methods to study and learn nursing in clinical practice], pp 92-108. In: Laustsen, S. m.fl. (Eds.) Fokus paa sygepleje. Munksgaard, Copenhagen.

1998

Bjørk IT. (1998). Praktiske handlinger i sykepleie - på tide med en rekonstruksjon? [Practical skill in nursing - about time for a reconstruction?], pp. 19-26. In: G. Melsaeter, B. Christiansen, A. Solheim, Å. Stabell (Eds.) På sykepleiefagets vegne. [On behalf of the discipline of nursing.] Report nr. 13. Oslo University College, Oslo.

1996
Bjørk IT. (1996). Håndens gjerning: er den undervurdert i dagens sykepleie? [Hands-on nursing: is it devalued in today's nursing?], pp. 119-135. In: T Bjerkreim, J Mathiesen, R Nord (Eds.). Visjon, viten og virke. [Vision, knowledge, action.] Universitetsforlaget, Oslo.

Dissertations

Ravik, M. (2018). Practical skill learning in nursing education: an exploratory/descriptive study of nursing students learning and transfer of practical skills in nursing education. Doctoral dissertation. University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.

Bölenius K. (2014). Improving venous blood specimen collection practices. Method development and evaluation of an educational intervention program. Dissertation (Ph.D). Department of Nursing, Department of Medical Biosciences, Clinical Chemistry, Umeå University, Sweden.

Ewertsson M. (2014). Lärande av praktiska färdigheter inom sjuksköterskeprofessionen -studier av lärande i olika arenor (Learning practical skills within nursing profession- studies of learning in different arenas). Dissertation (Phd). Caring sciences. School of Health Sciences, Örebro University, Sweden, 2014.

Husebo, SE. (2012). Condition for learning in simulation practice: training for team-based resuscitation in nursing education. Doctoral dissertation. University of Stavanger, Stavanger, Norway.

Lomborg K. (2004). Nurse-patient interactions in assisted personal body care. A qualitative study in people hospitalised with severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).  Dissertation (PhD). Faculty of Health Science, University of Aarhus, Denmark.

Bjørk IT. (1999). Hands-on nursing: new graduates' practical skill development in the clinical setting. Dissertation (Ph.D). Institute of Nursing Science, University of Oslo, Norway.

Reports
Stenholt B. (2011). Litteraturstudie. Modeller, systemer eller instrumenter til at laere og evaluere praktisk faerdigheder i forbindelse med klinisk udovelse. RiNS.

Reierson IÅ, Østerud M, Ravik M, Haukedal TA, Brungot S. m.fl. (2009). Klinisk Ferdighetssenter - læringsarena for nåtid og framtid. [The clinical skills centre- present and future learning arena]. Arbeidsgruppe for utvidelse av Klinisk ferdighetsenter, Avdeling for helse- og sosialfag, Høgskolen i Telemark, Norway.

Skovsgaard A-M, Stenholt B, Nielsen C, Soerensen D. (2008). Laering af grundlaeggende sygepleje i primaer sundhedstjeneste. [Clinical learning in nursing homes]. Sygeplejerskeuddannelsen i Aarhus, Silkeborg og Randers, VIA University College, Denmark. ISBN 978-87-90497-14-9.

Skovsgaard A-M, Nielsen C, Stenholt B. (2005). Studieunit som mulighed? Klinisk undervisning i sygeplejerskeuddannelsen. [Study-unit as a possibility? Clinical studies in nursing education]. Sygeplejerskeruddannelsen i Aarhus, Denmark. ISBN 87-90497-07-4.

Solli H, Reierson IÅ, Sætre RM. (2005). IKT i øvingsavdelingen - fase 2. [Information technology in the clincial skill centre - phase 2.]. Institutt for helsefag, Avdeling for helse- og sosialfag,  Høgskolen i Telemark, Norway.

Skovsgaard A-M. (1997). Udvikling af praktikstudiemetode. [Development of learning methods in clinical practice]. Sygeplejerskeuddannelsen i Aarhus, Denmark. ISBN-nr. 87-90497-00-7.